When a child is diagnosed with a disability, autism, or other additional needs, families often find themselves in a whirlwind of emotions, decisions, and information. One of the most important—and often overwhelming—tasks is choosing the right therapies and supports. In Australia, families are fortunate to have access to a wide range of services, but not all are created equal. Making informed choices based on scientific evidence is key to ensuring the best outcomes for your child.
Therapies and interventions that are grounded in scientific research are more likely to be effective, safe, and worth the investment of time and money. Evidence-based practices are those that have been rigorously tested and shown to produce positive outcomes in children with similar needs.
For example, behavioural interventions like Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA), developmental approaches such as the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM), and naturalistic developmental behavioural interventions (NDBIs) have all demonstrated effectiveness in improving communication, social skills, and adaptive behaviours in children with autism.
Choosing evidence-based therapies ensures that your child is receiving support that has been proven to work—not just something that sounds promising or is trending on social media.
It’s not always easy to tell whether a therapy is evidence-based. Some programs may use scientific-sounding language or testimonials to appear credible. To assess a therapy, consider asking the following questions:
Even among professionals, there can be differing views on what therapy is best. This can be confusing for families, especially when one expert recommends a particular approach while another advises against it.
This is where seeking multiple opinions can be helpful. Don’t hesitate to consult with paediatricians, psychologists, occupational therapists, speech pathologists, and educators. Each professional brings a unique perspective, and together they can help you form a more complete picture of your child’s needs.
Remember, you are your child’s best advocate. If something doesn’t feel right, it’s okay to ask questions or seek a second opinion.
One of the most important things to be wary of are therapies that claim to “cure” autism or disability. These claims are not only misleading but potentially harmful. Autism and many other developmental conditions are lifelong neurodevelopmental differences—not diseases to be cured.
Be cautious of:
The Australian Government and organisations like Raising Children Network and Autism CRC strongly advise against therapies that lack scientific backing or promote unrealistic outcomes.
Even if a therapy is evidence-based, it still needs to be a good fit for your child and family. Consider the following:
A therapy that works well for one child may not be suitable for another. The best approach is one that supports your child’s development while also fitting into your family’s life.
Here are some of the most commonly recommended evidence-based therapies for children with disability or autism in Australia:
Helps children with communication difficulties, including speech delays, language comprehension, and social communication. Often used for children with autism, Down syndrome, and developmental delays.
Focuses on helping children develop the skills needed for daily living, such as dressing, eating, and playing. OT can also support sensory processing and motor skills.
A structured behavioural approach that uses reinforcement to teach new skills and reduce challenging behaviours. While ABA has strong evidence, it’s important to ensure it is delivered in a respectful, child-centred way.
A play-based, relationship-focused intervention for young children with autism. It combines behavioural and developmental principles and is typically delivered in natural settings like the home or preschool.
These include approaches like DIR/Floortime, which focus on building emotional connections and supporting development through play and interaction.
These empower parents to deliver therapy strategies at home. Research shows that parent involvement can significantly improve outcomes.
Used for older children and adolescents, especially those with anxiety, depression, or emotional regulation challenges. CBT helps children understand and manage their thoughts and behaviours.
In Australia, the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) plays a crucial role in funding therapies and supports. For children under 9, the Early Childhood Approach provides access to early intervention without needing a formal diagnosis.
This approach is based on best-practice principles, including:
Families can work with Early Childhood Partners to develop a plan that meets their child’s unique needs.
Here’s a simple process to help guide your decision-making:
Choosing therapies and supports for your child is a journey—one that involves learning, adapting, and advocating. While the process can be daunting, you don’t have to do it alone. There are many resources, professionals, and communities ready to support you.
Above all, trust your instincts. You know your child best. With the right information and support, you can make choices that empower your child to thrive.
